On May 30, 2025, The American University of Rome’s Center for Food Studies hosted a lecture for graduate students from Grand Valley State University and Southern Connecticut State University. Professor Arianna Consolandi offered the students an informed glimpse into how food can shape a longer, healthier life.
The Mediterranean Diet: A Recipe for Health
At the heart of the lecture was the Mediterranean Diet (MD), renowned for its connection to longevity and vitality. Using the Italian classic Spaghetti al Pomodoro as an entry point, students were introduced to the Mediterranean Food Pyramid - which highlights generous daily portions of vegetables and plant-based foods. This simple yet powerful dish, made from wheat, garlic, tomatoes, basil, and extra virgin olive oil, embodies the plant-based foundation of the Mediterranean way of eating.
The Science Behind the Diet
Scientific evidence supports the Mediterranean Diet’s reputation as one of the healthiest diets globally. Packed with bioactive compounds - from polyphenols and sterols to terpenoids - found in fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, and herbs, this diet positively impacts our health.
These compounds play a key role in epigenetics, the study of how our behaviors and environment can influence gene activity. For instance, components in extra virgin olive oil can “switch off” genes linked to cancer, promoting healthier gene expression. Conversely, the Western Diet - characterized by high levels of saturated fats, processed sugars, and animal proteins - has been shown to activate genes associated with chronic diseases.
Diet, Aging, and Longevity
The lecture explored the connection between diet and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular issues, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases. Poor dietary choices, combined with factors like pollution, smoking, and lack of exercise, accelerate aging and heighten the risk of these diseases.
Drawing on the work of gerontologist Walter Longo, the presentation also highlighted the Longevity Diet, which mirrors the Mediterranean approach but with an emphasis on:
- Reduced protein intake (favoring plant-based sources)
- Minimizing unhealthy fats and sugars
- Incorporating healthy fats and complex carbohydrates
- Practicing time-restricted eating and prolonged periodic fasting
According to Longo, the secret to a longer life lies in how our bodies respond to fasting and nutrient intake - activating genes that protect cells from aging and disease.
A Future in Food and Health
This session offered students a deeper understanding of how food is not just nourishment but also a powerful tool for promoting health and longevity. The intersection of nutrition, genetics, and lifestyle choices is a growing field of study, and through initiatives like this lecture, the Center for Food Studies at AUR continues to lead the conversation.