On January 23, 2025, The American University of Rome’s MA Food Studies cohort welcomed Dr. Kimia Moiniafshari, Ph.D. in Exercise Physiology, for an insightful lecture on the impact of trending diets on athletic performance. Hosted as part of the 'Nutrition Policies and Programs' course, the session examined the scientific foundations of popular dietary approaches and their effects on both athletes and physically active individuals.
Dr. Moiniafshari provided an in-depth analysis of several widely discussed diets, including the Mediterranean diet, ketogenic diet, low-carb diet, plant-based diet, and intermittent fasting. Each was evaluated for its potential benefits and risks, with a particular focus on how they influence endurance, recovery, and overall performance.
While the discussion centered on athletic optimization, the principles explored extended to general health and well-being. For instance, the Mediterranean diet—rich in lean proteins, vegetables, and fruits—was highlighted for its role in promoting body composition and recovery, making it particularly beneficial for endurance athletes. In contrast, the ketogenic diet, which emphasizes high fat intake and minimal carbohydrates, may lead to micronutrient deficiencies and is generally not recommended for sustained athletic performance.
Dr. Moiniafshari emphasized that while some diet trends may offer short-term advantages, such as weight loss and reduced inflammation, they can also pose long-term health risks, including cardiovascular concerns and hormonal imbalances. Given these variables, she advocated for a more personalized approach to nutrition—one that considers individual factors such as age, gender, metabolic requirements, and specific athletic or lifestyle needs.
Ultimately, the key takeaway from Dr. Moiniafshari’s lecture was that there is no universal, one-size-fits-all diet. Athletes must tailor their nutritional strategies to meet the demands of their sport, ensuring an optimal balance of macronutrients, micronutrients, and hydration. Similarly, non-athletes should align their dietary choices with their lifestyle and personal health goals.
By providing AUR’s MA Food Studies students with a scientific and critical perspective on nutrition, this session underscored the importance of evidence-based dietary planning and the need to move beyond trends in favor of sustainable, individualized nutrition strategies.